| management as a shared or centralized activity must | | | | any option is usually just an issue of schedule and |
| accomplish the following tasks: identity concerns; | | | | funding.) |
| identify risks & risk owners – evaluate | | | | Avoidance: Use an alternate approach that does not |
| the risks as to likelihood and consequences; assess | | | | have the risk. This mode is not always an option. |
| the options for accommodating the risks; prioritize | | | | There are programs that deliberately involve high |
| the risk management efforts; develop risk | | | | risks in the expectation of high gains. However, this is |
| management plans; authorize the implementation of | | | | the most effective risk management technique if it |
| the risk management plans; track the risk | | | | can be applied. |
| management efforts and manage accordingly. It is | | | | Control: Controlling risks involves the development of |
| possibilities that are being accommodated. It is | | | | a risk reduction plan and then tracking to the plan. |
| management's job to do the planning that will | | | | The key aspect is the planning by experienced |
| accommodate the possibilities. The customer is the | | | | persons. The plan itself may involve parallel |
| final judge, but internal goals should be to a higher | | | | development programs, etc. |
| level than customer expectations. | | | | Assumption: Simply accepting the risk and proceeding. |
| The key words in risk management are: proactive; | | | | However, there can be a tendency within |
| management; accommodate; acceptably; professional; | | | | organizations to gradually let the assumption of a risk |
| possibility. The need for new risk assessment and | | | | take on the aura of a controlled risk. |
| management techniques is required to continuously | | | | Risk Transfer: Means causing another party to accept |
| track down potential and critical risks, and to develop | | | | the risk, typically by contract or by hedging. Liability |
| strategies for handling these risks, for example: during | | | | among construction or other contractors is often |
| product development. It is obvious that without a | | | | transferred this way. |
| strong risk management plan as part of the process, | | | | Knowledge & Research: This mode is not "true" |
| a company will waste time, money, and resources, | | | | risk handling, but rather a technique for strengthening |
| and will fail to manage the projects correctly. | | | | other techniques. This approach can best be viewed |
| Risk management is the sum of all proactive | | | | as an adaptation of the approach used by a student |
| management-directed activities within a program that | | | | writing a thesis: intensive study with specialized |
| are intended to acceptably accommodate the | | | | testing – in other words doing your |
| possibility of failures in the elements of a program. | | | | homework. |
| From an organization's perspective a failure is | | | | Never expect initial risk management plans to be |
| anything accomplished in less than a professional | | | | perfect. Practice, experience, and actual loss results |
| manner and/or with a less-than-adequate result. | | | | will dictate changes in the plan to allow different |
| Risk Management Options | | | | decisions to be made in dealing with the risks being |
| Risk management options are usually cited as risk | | | | faced. In order for companies to succeed in the |
| handling options subdivided as: avoidance, control, | | | | twenty-first century, they need to excel in all |
| assumption, risk transfer, and knowledge and | | | | aspects of their business, which includes risk |
| research. Generally, the assessment of management | | | | management, so they can fulfill their own and their |
| options is a hip shot since the necessary decisions | | | | customer’s goals. |
| must occur early in a program when things are still | | | | Conclusion |
| fuzzy. However, if experienced personnel are given | | | | Risk management is an on-going process, and is a |
| the facts, one can expect very good decisions since | | | | combination of proactive management-directed |
| there is seldom any real mystery about the | | | | activities within a program that are intended to |
| practicality of options available. (The practicality of | | | | accommodate the possibility of failures. |