How Should Homeowners Shop For Fire Insurance?

A Tutorial that may save you hundreds of thousandsvarious items. Some people collect figurines, wine,
of dollarsvintage watches, stamps, guns, art, antiques, dolls,
In October of 2007, Homeowners throughout Sansports memorabilia, well, you get the idea. Most
Diego County suffered devastating losses of theirhomeowners policies have limits on the amount the
homes. Multiple fires burned consecutively in all regionspolicy will pay for these types of items. The good
of the County and people helplessly watched asnews is there is always additional insurance you can
firefighters battled to extinguish the fires.purchase to protect yourself from losses in these
Once residents were given the authority to return toareas. Ask your broker/agent about endorsements
their homes, they discovered the extent of theirthat may add additional coverages for those items.
damage. Homeowners immediately filed claims withMost of the endorsements I've seen provide much
their insurance carriers and began the long claimsbroader coverage to that personal property than is
process. As early as March, 2008 insurers werecontained in the standard homeowner's policy. For
claiming that 97% of all October 2007 fire claims hadexample, jewelry riders provide worldwide coverage
been settled. The reality is that many homeownersfor your jewelry which is broader than offered in the
have not settled their insurance claims.standard homeowner's policy.
What is most disturbing is that almost two yearsLiability Coverage - Section II of your standard
after the fires, homeowner's losses continue tohomeowners policy insures you for damages for
increase.which the insured is legally liable for. This means if
The main reason for the increase of loss is due tosomeone gets hurt while visiting your property, they
the widespread issue of homeowners beingcould sue you for the bodily injury or property
underinsured. Fire survivors have learned a verydamage they suffer. This coverage also provides
important lesson. Relying upon their insurance agentyour legal defense for the suits against you.
or insurance company to set the limits of their policyAdditional liability insurance can be purchased via an
can be a very detrimental act. Unfortunately, it is anUmbrella Policy. An Umbrella Policy will increase your
act that only hurts the homeowner, withoutlimits on all of your liability coverages, including those
repercussion to the insurance agent or insuranceon your automobile policy, a boat owner's policy or
company. If it is later determined the insurance limitsany other policy you may have that insures property.
are not sufficient to rebuild their damaged orUmbrella policies are very inexpensive for the amount
destroyed home, what actions can the homeownerof additional insurance you receive.
take?When setting the limits for your Dwelling, the
1) It is necessary to know exactly how much youfollowing steps will help you determine the
are underinsured bya. Obtain an estimate from aappropriate limits.
licensed contractor to rebuild the damaged houseb.1) Talk to a licensed contractor to obtain current
Have a line-item Scope of Loss prepared to use asbuilding costs. Ask what the average per square-foot
the basis of your claim.costs are to rebuild your home. Keep in mind if you
2) Once it has been determined how much thehave a partial loss, it is more costly to repair your
property is underinsured by, a request can be madehouse than it is for new-construction.
to the insurance company to reconsider the limits2) Refer to a real estate appraisal or talk to a real
they have set. In some cases, the insuranceestate appraiser to find out what their Replacement
company will make an attempt to reform the policy.Cost Values calculate to.
This is a time-consuming process that will require theOther factors affecting your coverages are:
insured to answer a lengthy questionnaire and returnExtended Replacement Cost Endorsements - Is the
it to the insurer. Regardless of how you answer theinsurer offering to increase your limits with an
questionnaire, inevitably the insurer will state theExtended Replacement Cost Endorsement? This is
responsibility to determine the appropriate levels ofthe new way of attempting to increase your limits.
insurance lies with the insured. It is uncommon for theThe old way was to sell Guaranteed Replacement
insurer to accept responsibility and increase limits.Cost Policies. The trouble with those policies were the
3) The homeowner can file a Request For Assistanceinsurers found it was very difficult to limit their
(RFA) with the California Department of Insurance.exposure, so they switched to Extended
The instructions and form for this can be obtained onReplacement Cost Endorsements.
the Department's website at:One of the problems this coverage creates for the
It has been my experience that many homeownershomeowner is being able to comprehend your
have not reached a favorable outcome to the actioncoverage limits. You see, these endorsements
steps outlined above. So, how do you prevent thistypically increase your limits on all coverages. In
from occurring in the future?effect, the limits will float up or increase limits in your
Be sure to purchase a Replacement Cost (RC) policy.other categories - such as Additional Structures,
A Replacement Cost policy will cover the totalPersonal Property, Loss of Use, Additional Living
amount necessary to rebuild your property, up to theExpense, etc.
policy limits. However, the insurance company will onlyAnother problem this coverage creates for the
pay you the Actual Cash Value (ACV) of thehomeowner are the additional conditions that must
property until the repairs are complete or thebe met in order for coverage to apply. So, not only
property has been replaced. Some insurancedo you have the regular policy conditions to meet,
companies calculate ACV by determining the amountyou also have the additional policy conditions for the
of the RC and then subtract depreciation. However,Extended Replacement Coverage. How does this help
ACV should be calculated as the Fair Market Valuethe homeowner? Seems to me this only benefits the
(FMV) of the property. This is very important wheninsurer. Wouldn't it have simply been easier to
valuing personal property. Insurers like to rely uponincrease the stated Dwelling limits? You may sense a
the age of an item to determine the amount ofbit of skepticism, but I deal with real people on real
depreciation. The problem with this methodology isclaims and this is my experience. It is rare that an
that it fails when the value of an item increases overinsurance company makes a change that somehow
time. Likewise, how do you address 20 year-oldbenefits the insured. We often learn later these
carpet that is still in like-new condition? Based uponchanges have only helped the insurer.
the insurers view, you would owe them money! IDiscrepancies on Square Footage - Some insurers are
suggest that depreciation should be based upon theturning to Tax Assessors records to determine the
remaining life expectancy of the property.amount of square footage the insured property had.
First - Insurers claim it is the responsibility of theGuess who this creates a problem for? Obviously,
homeowner to determine the appropriate levels ofthe homeowner now has one more thing to deal
insurance for their property. The agent or broker willwith. It is a rare occurrence to see the records of
not know your property as well as you do. Acceptthe Tax Assessors Office reflect exactly the same
the responsibility to properly insure your house. Ifamount of square feet that is listed on the
you do not purchase the appropriate amounts ofDeclarations Page of the insurance policy. What can
coverage, the loss will be yours to suffer.you do to address this discrepancy?
When shopping for coverage, be sure to provide the1) Refer to the insurance policy first. Your policy
agent/broker with all relevant information. Forcovers your property as described on the
example: Do you have an office at home? Do youDeclarations Page. As long as your property is
run a business from your home? Do you have anycorrectly described, with the correct number of
special hobbies or interests that includes specialsquare feet, then you have paid insurance for the
equipment? Do you have expensive collectables ornumber of square feet listed.
antiques? Riders and endorsements can be added to2) Most Tax Assessors Records only include the
your policy to ensure you have sufficient coveragesquare feet of livable area of your house. This does
to insure those items.not normally include a garage. So, one reason for a
Some of the most commonly overlooked areas are:discrepancy could be the garage. Your insurance
Additional Structures - Additional Structures includespolicy should include the total number of square feet
outbuildings, sheds, walls, fences, decks, driveways,for your house and should not be limited to livable
pools, and other structures not attached to thesquare feet.
residence Dwelling. Be sure you describe your3) Ask the insurer in writing to explain to you how
additional structures to your broker. Additionalthey would resolve a discrepancy if the Tax
structures are typically insured for 10% of theAssessors Records reflected a larger number of
Coverage A limits. Coverage A insures your Dwelling.square feet than is stated on your Declarations Page.
This amount can be increased if needed.Would they increase your limits or pay more than is
Landscaping - Landscaping is not typically insured as astated in your policy? I doubt that very much.
separate category, but rather is included in the policyInsurance Requirements Under A Mortgage or Deed
as an Additional Coverage. This coverage insuresof Trust - Another area of importance is relative the
trees, plants and shrubs up to $500 each. The totalrequirements under a Mortgage or Deed of Trust.
limits are generally capped as 5% of Coverage A. ForThe homeowner is referred to as the Borrower and
many people that live in rural areas or have largehas certain obligations and requirements to maintain
parcels, this will not be adequate to replace all of theirappropriate levels of Replacement Cost insurance.
trees, plants and shrubs. Be sure to ask for increasedTypically, the lender will require Replacement Cost
limits if you do not think 5% of your Coverage Alimits up to the amount of the Unpaid Principal Balance
limits will be sufficient.(UPB). A word of caution - do not relay solely upon
Personal Property - Many homeowners have hobbiesthe minimum requirements your mortgage company
or interests that lead them to build collections ofrequires. It most likely will not be sufficient.