| Health Insurance: Understanding the Basics | | | | HMO and PPO. |
| Americans today receive a barrage of health | | | | In an HMO, or Health Maintenance Organization, you |
| insurance information from every direction. Pundits | | | | pay a monthly premium in exchange for |
| speak of the national health care crisis; Medicare now | | | | comprehensive medical care. There is usually a small |
| offers additional options; and employee benefits | | | | co-payment for doctor's visits (usually ranging from |
| officers often speak in a jumble of letters from HMO | | | | $5 to $25), and a somewhat higher co-pay or |
| to PPO. For the consumer, choosing a health | | | | deductible for hospitalization. Your out of pocket |
| insurance plan can be quite confusing. | | | | expenses are significantly easier to predict and |
| Health insurance is not "one size fits all." Depending on | | | | manage with an HMO rather than a fee for service |
| your current state of health, budget, and individual | | | | plan. However, an HMO introduces the concept of a |
| needs, the best insurance for you may be far | | | | "gatekeeper." In an HMO, you must choose a primary |
| different than the best insurance for your friend or | | | | care physician. That doctor, working in tandem with a |
| family member. A basic understanding of the various | | | | risk management insurance officer, will determine |
| types of insurance that are available, and what each | | | | your access to specialists. Finally, an HMO requires |
| does and does not cover, can be helpful in | | | | you to use doctors that are part of the HMO's |
| determining which plan will work best for each | | | | network. If you travel a lot, be sure to find out what |
| person. | | | | the provisions are should you require an out of |
| Traditional health insurance, also called "fee for | | | | network doctor. |
| service" or 80/20, is the type of insurance that most | | | | A PPO, or Preferred Provider Organization, can be |
| of us grew up with. You are entitled to visit any | | | | considered a blend of HMO and fee for service plans. |
| doctor, and the insurance company pays 80% of the | | | | You will choose a primary care physician, and |
| bill. This type of insurance offers the greatest | | | | generally use doctors that are part of the |
| flexibility, but carries the highest out of pocket | | | | organization. However, a PPO lets you see doctors |
| expenses. A deductible must be met before the | | | | who are not part of the network for a somewhat |
| insurance company will pay. The lower your monthly | | | | higher fee. This increased flexibility is excellent for |
| premium, the higher the deductible will be. The | | | | those who travel frequently, or for those whose |
| insurance company usually reserves the right to cap | | | | current doctor is not a member of the organization. |
| payments if, in their opinion, the doctor's fees are | | | | Many other options exist for covering your medical |
| higher than what is "reasonable and customary" in | | | | expenses. A Health Savings Account allows you to |
| your area. This is an excellent type of coverage to | | | | set aside pre-tax dollars each month. Catastrophic |
| have if you become extremely ill and require a | | | | insurance carries a low premium with a high |
| network of specialists, or if your medical bills are | | | | deductible, and is designed to cover you if you |
| astronomical. Once your expenses for the year reach | | | | develop a serious illness or injury. However, for the |
| a certain level, the insurance company will take over | | | | average consumer, the choice is generally between |
| and pay 100%. | | | | fee for service and managed care. All types of plans |
| Many healthy people do not need fee for service | | | | carry their own advantages and disadvantages, and it |
| medical insurance. They find that their out of pocket | | | | is important to understand what these are in order |
| expenses are much lower with a "managed care" | | | | to make the right decisions for your family. |
| plan. There are two basic types of managed care - | | | | |